QUESTION ❓
Assalamu Alaikum, respected scholar. Please explain how a woman who is menstruating can perform Umrah. Can she enter into Ihram, perform Tawaf, and perform Sa'i, or must she wait until her menstruation ends?
ANSWER
❗️
Wa
Alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakatuh.
A
woman who experiences menstruation before or during her Umrah can enter into
Ihram and undertake certain acts of worship. However, she must observe specific
rulings concerning Tawaf and the remaining rites of Umrah.
Let
us consider the different situations.
1.
If Menstruation Begins Before Entering Ihram
A
woman who intends to perform Umrah may enter into Ihram while menstruating. She
does not have to wait until her menstruation ends before making her intention
and entering into Ihram.
However,
she must not pass the Miqat without entering into Ihram if she intends to
perform Umrah and has reached the point at which she is required to enter it.
She
should make her intention for Umrah, enter into Ihram, and observe its
restrictions. She must then wait until her menstruation ends before performing
Tawaf.
2.
If Menstruation Begins After Entering Ihram but Before Tawaf
If
a woman enters into Ihram and subsequently begins menstruating before
performing Tawaf, she remains in Ihram. She must wait until her menstruation
ends before performing Tawaf.
This
ruling is supported by the hadith of Aishah (may Allah be pleased with her),
who experienced menstruation during the Hajj.
The
Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) told her:
Arabic:
«افْعَلِي مَا يَفْعَلُ الْحَاجُّ، غَيْرَ أَنْ
لَا تَطُوفِي بِالْبَيْتِ حَتَّى تَطْهُرِي»
Transliteration:
Ifʿalī mā yafʿalu al-ḥājju, ghayra an lā taṭūfī bil-bayti
ḥattā taṭhurī.
English translation:
“Do
everything that a pilgrim does, except that you should not perform Tawaf around
the House until you become pure.”
References:
Sahih al-Bukhari, 1650; Sahih Muslim, 1211.
This
hadith establishes that menstruation does not prevent a woman from entering
into Ihram or engaging in permissible acts of worship. However, she must wait
until she has become pure before performing Tawaf.
Once
her menstruation has ended, she should perform Ghusl (the ritual bath) and then
perform Tawaf.
3.
Can a Menstruating Woman Perform Sa'i Between Safa and Marwah?
In
the usual sequence of Umrah, Tawaf precedes Sa'i. Therefore, if menstruation
begins before Tawaf, the woman should wait until her menstruation ends, perform
Ghusl, and then complete Tawaf and Sa'i.
However,
if she has already completed Tawaf while in a state of purity and menstruation
begins before she performs Sa'i, the circumstances are different. She should
seek guidance from a qualified scholar familiar with the rulings of Hajj and
Umrah, particularly if her departure is approaching.
4.
What If Menstruation Begins After Tawaf but Before Sa'i?
If
a woman completes Tawaf while pure and then begins menstruating before Sa'i,
she should not assume that the ruling is identical to the case in which
menstruation begins before Tawaf.
She
should explain precisely what she has completed and when her menstruation began
to a qualified scholar who can advise her according to the relevant juristic
ruling and her circumstances.
5.
What If Her Departure Date Is Approaching?
If
a woman enters into Ihram, begins menstruating, and discovers that her group
will soon depart, she should not independently decide either to abandon her
Umrah or to perform Tawaf while menstruating.
Instead,
she should immediately consult the scholar accompanying her group or another
qualified authority specialising in Hajj and Umrah.
Specific
juristic discussions address situations in which a woman cannot remain in
Makkah until her menstruation ends. The appropriate ruling depends on the
details of her circumstances, so she should obtain qualified guidance before
taking any action that could affect the completion of her Umrah.
Conclusion
The
main rulings can be summarised as follows:
·
Entering Ihram: A menstruating woman may enter into
Ihram and make her intention for Umrah.
·
Tawaf: If menstruation begins before Tawaf,
she must wait until it ends and then perform Ghusl before undertaking Tawaf.
·
Sa'i: In the normal sequence of Umrah, Sa'i
follows Tawaf. If menstruation begins after Tawaf but before Sa'i, she should
seek a ruling specific to her circumstances.
·
Miqat: A woman intending to perform Umrah
must observe the rules of Ihram at the Miqat; menstruation is not a reason to
pass it without entering into Ihram.
·
Urgent departure: If her group is leaving before she
can complete the rites, she should consult a qualified scholar rather than make
an independent decision.
May
Allah make the journey easy for all pilgrims, accept their Umrah, and enable
them to perform their worship in accordance with the Qur'an and the Sunnah.
Wallāhu Taʿālā Aʿlam — And Allah knows best.
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WALLAHU A'ALAM.
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