QUESTION ❓
Assalamu Alaikum. May Allah grant the scholar good health and reward him with Paradise. I observed a voluntary fast without informing my husband. Will I still receive the reward for the fast?
ANSWER
❗️
Wa Alaikum Assalam wa Rahmatullahi
wa Barakatuh.
May Allah reward you for your desire
to worship Him and seek His pleasure. Regarding your question, it is important
to distinguish between the reward for observing a voluntary fast and the
Islamic ruling on a married woman observing such a fast without her
husband’s permission.
1.
Will She Receive the Reward for Her Fast?
If you observed the voluntary fast
sincerely for the sake of Allah, you may hope for His reward and acceptance, In
Sha Allah. However, Islamic teachings establish a particular ruling concerning
a married woman who wishes to observe a voluntary fast while her husband is
present.
The Prophet Muhammad (peace and
blessings be upon him) said:
Arabic:
«لَا
تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ وَبَعْلُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ»
Transliteration:
Lā taṣūmu al-mar’atu wa baʿluhā
shāhidun illā bi-idhnih.
English translation:
“A woman should not fast while her
husband is present except with his permission.”
Reference:
Sahih al-Bukhari, 5195; Sahih Muslim, 1026.
Scholars explain that this ruling
concerns voluntary fasting, particularly when the husband is present and the
fast could prevent him from exercising his marital rights.
Therefore, if your husband is
present and you intend to observe a voluntary fast, you should seek his
permission beforehand, unless a recognised circumstance makes his permission
unnecessary under the applicable Islamic ruling.
2.
What If the Husband Is Away?
The circumstances may differ if the
husband is travelling or otherwise absent. The ruling may also be affected if
he has already given general permission or there is an established
understanding between the couple that she may observe voluntary fasts without
asking each time.
The important point is to consider
the circumstances and the relevant scholarly guidance rather than applying the
ruling without distinction.
Obligatory fasting is different from
voluntary fasting. A woman does not need her husband's
permission to observe the obligatory fasts of Ramadan. Other obligatory fasts
may have their own details, particularly when their timing is flexible, so
specific cases should be referred to a qualified scholar.
3.
What If She Has Already Started the Voluntary Fast?
If a woman has already begun a
voluntary fast without her husband's permission while he is present, she should
take the relevant ruling seriously and seek guidance on her particular
circumstances.
Voluntary fasting differs from
obligatory fasting, and Islamic jurisprudence recognises distinctions between
the two. However, this ruling should not be used to justify abuse, threats, or
coercion. Both spouses must treat one another with kindness, respect, and
consideration for each other's rights.
Open communication can help prevent
misunderstandings. Couples should discuss voluntary worship and their mutual
responsibilities in a manner that promotes harmony rather than conflict.
4.
What Advice Should Be Given to the Woman?
Dear sister, if you have already
observed the voluntary fast, do not immediately conclude that you will receive
no reward. If you fasted sincerely for Allah's sake, hope for His mercy and
acceptance.
For the future, if your husband is
present, seek his permission before observing voluntary fasts, in accordance
with the hadith and the relevant scholarly guidance. You can also discuss a
general arrangement with him so that you both understand when voluntary fasting
is appropriate.
Husbands should likewise encourage
their wives in acts of worship, while both spouses remain mindful of their
mutual responsibilities. Marriage should be built on understanding, compassion,
and cooperation in seeking Allah's pleasure.
Conclusion
A woman who observes a voluntary
fast sincerely may hope for Allah's reward. However, the authentic hadith
establishes that a wife should not observe voluntary fasting without her
husband's permission when he is present, subject to the relevant circumstances
and scholarly explanations.
This ruling is different from the
obligation to fast during Ramadan, which does not require a husband's
permission.
May Allah accept our acts of
worship, guide us to what pleases Him, and grant harmony to Muslim families.
Wallāhu Taʿālā Aʿlam — And Allah
knows best.
Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Alƙur’ani da
Sunnah
WALLAHU A'ALAM.
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