QUESTION
Assalamu Alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa
Barakatuh, Sheikh.
My question is: If a person wakes up
around the time of Fajr and discovers that he is in a state of janabah
because he has experienced a wet dream and discharged semen, what should he do?
Should he perform ghusl and then go to the mosque, even if he is already late for the congregational prayer? Or is there any concession for him because of the limited time?
ANSWER
Wa Alaikumus Salam wa Rahmatullahi
wa Barakatuh.
If a person wakes up at the time of
Fajr and finds that he is in a state of janabah, he must perform ghusl
(the ritual bath) before performing the prayer.
Allah says:
﴿وَإِن كُنتُمْ
جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّرُوا﴾
Transliteration:
Wa in kuntum junuban faṭṭahharū.
English translation:
“And if you are in a state of janabah, then purify yourselves.”
(Qur’an 5:6)
Therefore, a person should not
perform Fajr while still in a state of janabah merely because he is worried
about being late for the congregation.
He should perform the required ghusl
and then pray.
What
If He Fears Missing the Congregational Prayer?
If performing ghusl means that he
will miss part or all of the congregational prayer, he should still perform
ghusl. Purification required for the prayer takes precedence.
If he reaches the mosque while the
imam is still praying, he should join the congregation immediately and pray
whatever he catches with the imam.
If he misses the entire congregation
because he had to perform ghusl, he should pray after completing his
purification. Missing the congregation in such circumstances does not mean that
he should abandon the prayer or pray while in janabah.
What
If There Is No Water or Using Water Would Cause Harm?
Islam does not impose an obligation
beyond a person's ability.
If water is genuinely unavailable,
or a person has a legitimate reason why using water would cause significant
harm, the concession of tayammum may apply, subject to its conditions.
Allah says in the same verse
concerning purification:
﴿وَإِن كُنتُم
مَّرْضَىٰ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ الْغَائِطِ أَوْ
لَامَسْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا﴾
Transliteration:
Wa in kuntum marḍā aw ʿalā safarin aw jā’a aḥadun minkum minal-ghā’iṭi aw
lāmastum an-nisā’a fa-lam tajidū mā’an fa-tayammamū ṣaʿīdan ṭayyiban.
English translation:
“And if you are ill, or on a journey, or one of you comes from relieving
himself, or you have had contact with women and find no water, then seek clean
earth and wipe your faces and hands with it.”
(Qur’an 5:6)
Thus, tayammum is not simply a
substitute for ghusl whenever someone is in a hurry. It is a concession
connected to circumstances such as the absence of water or a legitimate
inability to use it.
What
If He Oversleeps and Misses Fajr?
If a person genuinely sleeps through
the time of Fajr, he should pray as soon as he wakes up.
The Prophet ﷺ said:
“Whoever forgets a prayer or sleeps
and misses it, then let him pray it when he remembers it.”
(Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī; Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim)
If he wakes up in a state of
janabah, however, he should first perform ghusl and then pray.
A
Reminder About Fajr Prayer
This question also provides an
opportunity to remind ourselves about the importance of protecting the Fajr
prayer.
Muslims should make reasonable
preparations to wake up on time: going to bed at an appropriate hour, setting
an alarm, avoiding unnecessary late-night activities, and asking Allah for help
in maintaining the prayers.
However, if someone wakes up in a
state of janabah, there is no need to feel embarrassed or to look for a way to
avoid ghusl because of other people's opinions.
The obligation of purification
should be given priority.
At the same time, a person should
not deliberately delay Fajr until the last moments and then use janabah as an
excuse for missing the prayer. Muslims are required to take reasonable steps to
protect their prayers and perform them within their prescribed times.
In
Summary
- A person who wakes up in a state of janabah must
perform ghusl before praying.
- He should not pray Fajr in a state of janabah simply
because he fears missing the congregation.
- If he misses part of the congregation after performing
ghusl, he should join the imam and complete the prayer as required.
- If he misses the entire congregation because he needed
to perform ghusl, he should pray after purification.
- Tayammum may be used when its
legitimate conditions apply, such as the absence of water or a genuine
inability to use it safely.
- If a person oversleeps and misses Fajr, he should pray
as soon as he wakes up; if he is also in janabah, he should perform ghusl
first.
- Muslims should take reasonable measures to wake up for
Fajr and avoid allowing late-night activities to interfere with their
prayers.
May Allah make us among those who
guard their prayers, purify themselves properly, and worship Him with sincerity
and consistency.
Wallāhu Taʿālā Aʿlam — And Allah
knows best.
Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Al-Qur’ani da Sunnah
Zauren Fatawoyi Bisa Alkur'ani Da Sunnah.
ﺳُﺒﺤَﺎﻧَﻚَ ﺍﻟﻠَّﻬُﻢَّ ﻭَﺑِﺤَﻤْﺪِﻙَ ﺃﺷْﻬَﺪُ ﺃﻥ ﻟَﺎ ﺇِﻟَﻪَ ﺇِﻻَّ ﺃﻧْﺖَ ﺃﺳْﺘَﻐْﻔِﺮُﻙَ ﻭﺃَﺗُﻮﺏُ ﺇِﻟَﻴْﻚ
WALLAHU A'ALAM.
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